Traveler's World RV Resort - San Antonio, TX
The Alamo is a historic Spanish mission and
fortress compound built in the 18th century by Roman Catholic missionaries
in what is now San Antonio, Texas.
Originally named
the Misión San Antonio de Valero, it was one of the early Spanish
missions in Texas, built to convert American Indians to Christianity.
The mission was secularized in 1793 and then abandoned. Ten years
later, it became a fortress housing the Second Flying Company of San
Carlos de Parras military unit, who likely gave the mission the name Alamo
("poplar trees"). During the Texas Revolution, Mexican General Martín
Perfecto de Cos surrendered the fort to the Texian Army in
December 1835, following the Siege of Béxar.
The Battle of the
Alamo (February 23 – March 6, 1836) was a pivotal event and military
engagement in the Texas Revolution. The battle has been memorialized by countless movies, TV shows and stories told to coon skin hat wearing children across the country.
Texians, some of whom were
legal settlers, but primarily illegal immigrants from the United States, had
killed or driven out all Mexican troops in Mexican Texas.
About one hundred Texians
were then garrisoned at the Alamo. The Texian force grew slightly with the
arrival of reinforcements led by eventual Alamo co-commanders James Bowie and William B. Travis. On February 23, approximately 1,500 Mexicans, led by President General Antonio Lopez de
Santa Anna, marched into San
Antonio de Béxar as the first step in a campaign to retake Texas. For the next
10 days, the two armies engaged in several skirmishes with minimal casualties.
Aware that his garrison could not withstand an attack by such a large force,
Travis wrote multiple letters pleading for more men and supplies from Texas and
from the United States. However, the Texians were reinforced by fewer than a hundred
men. The United States had a treaty with Mexico at the time. Had the US supplied troops and weapons, it would have been an overt act of war against
Mexico.
Following a 13-day siege, in the early predawn morning hours
of March 6, the Mexican army of nearly 2,000 men advanced on the Alamo. The Texians were awakened from an exhausted sleep to the war cries of the Mexicans as they attacked the Alamo. After repelling two
attacks, the Texians were unable to fend off a third attack. As Mexican
soldiers scaled the walls, most of the Texian fighters withdrew into interior
buildings. Those who were unable to reach these points were slain by the
Mexican cavalry as they attempted to escape. Between 5-7 Texians may
have surrendered; if so, they were quickly executed. By 6:30am, the Mexican army had defeated and killed the remaining Texians. The Alamo had fallen and the Texians were slain. Chaos reigned as the Texians all lay dead and the Mexicans continued to fire their guns into the dead bodies. Several noncombatants were
sent to Gonzales to spread word of the Texian defeat. The news
sparked both a strong rush to join the Texian army and a panic, known as
"The Runaway Scrape", in which the Texian army, mostly settlers,
and the government of the new, self-proclaimed but officially unrecognized Republic
of Texas fled eastward toward the U.S. ahead of the advancing Mexican
Army.
Santa Anna's refusal to take prisoners during the battle inspired many Texians and Tejanos to join the Texian Army. Motivated by a desire for revenge, as well as their written desire to preserve a border open to immigration and the importation and practice of slavery, the Texians defeated the Mexican Army at the Battle of San Jacinto, on April 21, 1836, ending the conquering of the Mexican state by the newly formed Republic of Texas.
The Alamo
Cenotaph, also known as The Spirit of Sacrifice, is a monument in San Antonio, Texas, commemorating
the Battle of the Alamo of the Texas Revolution, which was fought at the adjacent Alamo Mission. The monument
was erected in celebration of the centennial of the battle, and bears the names
of those known to have fought there on the Texas side.
The shaft
rises sixty feet from its base which is forty feet long and twelve feet wide.
The monument was erected in grey Georgia marble and pink Texas granite. It was
entitled The Spirit of Sacrifice and incorporates images of the Alamo
garrison leaders and 187 names of known Alamo defenders, derived from the
research of historian Amelia Williams.
The
Admiral Nimitz Foundation was established in 1964 (as the Fleet Admiral Chester
W. Nimitz Naval Museum, Inc.) to support a museum honoring Fredericksburg's
native son, Commander-in-Chief of Allied Forces, Pacific Ocean Area.
On
May 8, 1976, the 130th anniversary of the founding of Fredericksburg, the
Japanese government gifted the museum with the Japanese Garden of Peace.
The garden was designed by Taketora Saita as a replica of the private garden
of Gensui The Marquis Tōgō (1848–1934), the
main Imperial Japanese Navy commander in the Russo-Japanese War. Fleet
Admiral Nimitz personally admired the Marquis Tōgō, having previously
helped to establish a war memorial to the Japanese admiral.
The
outdoor Plaza of the Presidents was dedicated in September1995, the 50th
anniversary of Fleet Admiral Nimitz' acceptance of the Japanese Instrument
of Surrender aboard the USS Missouri (BB-63). The plaza is
a tribute to the ten United States Presidents who served during World
War II: Franklin D. Roosevelt (Commander in Chief), Harry S.
Truman (Commander in Chief), General of
the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower (Army), John F. Kennedy (Navy), Lyndon
B. Johnson (Navy), Richard Nixon (Navy), Gerald Ford (Navy), Jimmy
Carter (Navy), Ronald Reagan (Army) and George H. W. Bush (Navy). Carter and Bush are the last surviving presidents who served in WWII.
Bush later reflected that "terrifying experiences" of war helped him to become a man: "I have often wondered why me, why was I spared when others died." Obviously, Bush had great things yet to accomplish when the war was over. Survivors guilt is a very real thing for many veterans returning from war. Unfortunately, it haunts many veterans and interferes with their ability to find peace and resume post war civilian life. Not all survivors are able to find that peace and resume post war life. Suicide remains the 13th leading cause of death for veterans overall. It is the second leading cause of death for veterans over the age of 45. There is one number that defines the way Americans view veterans- 22. As in 22 vets commit suicide every day. The Marines suffer the highest rate of suicide among all US military services, followed by the Army, who runs a distant second.
We had been to this museum this past Spring. We had met Pat and Deb Chasse in San Antonio for the USS Lapon Reunion. They wanted to see this museum. Since we had visited in the Spring, we have done extensive research on Mark's Dad and the 32nd Red Arrow Division. References to his division brings us both an intense sense of pride even greater than we had prior to our nomadic lifestyle. On his dad's birthday in 2024, we will have a dedication ceremony to memorialize his service to our country. We have invited the entire Rivard clan. We hope they will attend this service as his memorial is unveiled and dedicated in his honor. We previously bought a memorial at the National WWII museum in New Orleans. This museum has a section dedicated to the Pacific theater of the naval fleet which made it a logical place to honor him.
The contract to build Lapon was awarded to Newport News
Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company in Newport News, Virginia, in October 1963 and her keel was laid
down there in July 1965. She was launched in December 1966, and commissioned in December 1967.
Upon commissioning, the Lapon reported to Commander, Submarine
Force, United States Atlantic Fleet for duty, with her home port at Naval
Station Norfolk in Norfolk, Virginia. Mark was in the submarine service on the Lapon during his time in the navy.
Honors and awards:
Meritorious Unit Commendation 1968
Meritorious Unit Commendation 1969
Presidential Unit Citation 1969
Navy Expeditionary Medal (Sub Specop)
Submarine Division 62 Battle Efficiency Award (Battle
"E") 1969
Marjorie Sterrett Battleship Fund Award for Operational
Proficiency for the U.S. Atlantic Fleet 1970
Submarine Division 63 Battle "E" 1970
Navy Unit Commendation 1973
Meritorious Unit Commendation 1979
Submarine Squadron 6 Anti-submarine warfare (ASW)/Operations
"A" 1979
Submarine Squadron 6 Engineering "E" 1979
Meritorious Unit Commendation 1982
Submarine Squadron 6 ASW/Operations "A" 1982
Meritorious Unit Commendation 1983
Navy Battle "E" 1983
Meritorious Unit Commendation 1985
Navy Battle "E" 1985
Arctic Expedition Ribbon (Ice Exercise (ICEX) 88) 1988
Navy Battle "E" 1991
She was decommissioned in August 1992.
The USS Lapon crewmembers have a reunion every 2 years. This time the reunion was held in San Antonio, Texas. This was the reason for this trip to San Antonio. Every reunion, the list of the Lapon's surviving Submariners, diminishes. This was a particularly hard reunion for us, as it is the first reunion without Mark's best friend, Tony Liberatore. The previous reunion we spent a full week camping with Tony and Diana. We never dreamed it would be our last visit with him. He passed away just a mere few months after the reunion. We are so thankful we had that week with them. It gave us some great memories to cherish.
The youngest to serve on the Lapon are now in their 50's. Most of the original "plank owners" (the first crew aboard the Lapon at the time of the commissioning) have now passed away. The commissioning was now 56 years ago, making the youngest plank owners now at least 76.